2.1 Population, Society and Economy

By the end of 2003, the total population in the Three Gorges reservoir area was 19.8517 million, with an increase of 0.7% compared with that by the end of the previous year, among which the agricultural population was 14.1438 million and the non-agricultural population was 5.7079 million. Non-agricultural population accounted for 28.8% of the total population, with 1.1 percentage points higher than 2002.

In 2003, the local GDP of the reservoir area was 161.057 billion yuan, 11.9% over 2002 based on comparable prices. The local GDP of reservoir areas under the jurisdiction of Chongqing and Hubei was 146.359 billion Yuan and 14.698 billion Yuan, 12.5% and 5.8% over 2002 respectively. The increased value of the primary industry of the reservoir area was 20.589 billion yuan, 4.7% over 2002. The increased value of the secondary industry was 78.028 billion yuan, 13.8% over 2002. And the increased value of the tertiary industry was 62.440 billion yuan, 11.9% over 2002. The industrial structure was further optimized and ratio of increased value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in local GDP was adjusted from 13.5:47.0:39.5 to 12.8:48.4:38.8.

Table 2-1 Major Statistical Indicators of Economic and Social Development of the Reservoir Area in 2003

Indicator	Indicator Value	Increase over 2002 (%)
Total grain output (ten thousand tons)	635.81	-3
Oil plants output  (ten thousand tons)	21.27	11.9
Tobacco output  (ten thousand tons)	4.17	-5.4
Total meat output  (ten thousand tons)	111.73	3.7
Aquatic product output  (ten thousand tons)	13.38	4.5
Increased value of TVEs (100 million yuan)	345.29	30.5
Financial income of local budget (100 million yuan)	71.76	12.3
Fixed assets investment of the wholesociety (100 million yuan)	966.61	25.3
Total retail value of social consumer goods (100 million yuan)	671.11	13.5
Per capita dispensable income of urban residents (yuan)	7768	10.2
Per capita dispensable income of urban residents (yuan)	2142	6.7
Savings of urban and rural residents (100 million yuan)	1412.21	16.8

Economy of different sectors in the reservoir area continued to develop rapidly in 2003. The increased value in industry was 55.248 billion yuan, 14.8% over 2002 based on comparable prices; the increased value in construction sector was 22.780 billion yuan, 11.3% over 2002. Freight transportation of the whole society was 293.04 million tons, 5.3% over 2002; transportation of passengers was 524.11 million people-times with an increase of 0.9%; and post and telecommunication hit 6,669.35 million yuan in business with an increase of 24.1%.

In 2003, the financial budgetary expenses on education and public health in the reservoir area were 2.385 billion yuan and 606 million yuan, 9.9% and 14.1% over 2002 respectively. By the end of the year, there were 482,900 technicians in the reservoir area, 0.2% under those by the end of 2002. For every ten thousand primary and middle school students, there were 486 full-time teachers, 9 people less than those at the end of 2002. Broadcast coverage rate was 95.3%, 0.1 percentage point over the previous year and TV coverage rate was 96.7%, keeping the level of the previous year.

2.2 Migration Settlement

In 2003, migration settlement went on smoothly. The total number of people removed and resettled was 153,031; the efficient reconstruction area of various types of buildings was 2.5166 million m², and the number of industrial and mineral enterprises removed was 133.

● Countryside

The number of resettled rural migrants was 22,587 and the number of rural migrants redeployed in production activities was 28,140. New constructions included 179 ponds, 101 aqueducts, and 81 countryside roads of 241.49 km in total. Houses built covered 476,800 m², including 475,000m² for migrants. Migrants removed out of the Three Gorges reservoir area contracted land of 1.3932 million m², built houses of 71,900m² and roads of 359.08km, and constructed 18,000m of domestic water supply pipelines and 103,400m of electricity transmission lines.

● Cities

In the urban, 80,326 residents were removed. 1.3735 million m² of land was flattened; 37 new roads with a total length of 43,580m were constructed; 141,000m of electricity distribution and transmission lines and 29,000m of broadcasting and TV lines were laid, and 1.564 million m² of buildings were constructed with 1.0671 million m² for resident housing.

● Towns

In towns, 21,978 people were removed and 475,800m² of buildings were constructed with 275,800m² for resident housing.

● Industrial and mineral enterprises

133 industrial and mineral enterprises were removed and reconstructed.

● Special facilities

12 roads totaled 125.76km and 2,125.3m of large and medium-sized bridges were reconstructed. 27 docks, 19 water power stations and 12 water-pumping stations were constructed. 142,800m of electricity transmission and distribution lines, 157,500m of communication lines and 380,000m of broadcasting and TV lines were laid. 4 post offices and 3 broadcasting and TV relay stations were constructed.

● Environmental protection

A total of 13.5913 million yuan was invested in migration and environmental protection in the migrant settlement area.

● Cleaning of the reservoir bottom

For the security of water quality in the Three Gorges reservoir area, cleaning of the reservoir bottom was started in 2003 before water storage. The cleaning work covered 12 districts and counties to be submerged under the water level of 135m, including Yiling District, Zigui County, Xingshan County and Badong Country of Hubei Province and Wushan Country, Fengjie County, Yunyang County, Wanzhou Prefecture, Zhongxian County, Shizhu County, Fengdu County and Fuling District of Chongqing Municipality.

119,641 common pollutant sources, 1,528 infectious pollutant sources and 38,803 tombs were cleaned up. In key regions, the area of deratization amounted to 160.161million m². As shown by the result of located monitoring, the rat density was under 1%, meeting the criteria on cleaning up. 2.38 million tons of domestic garbage at 314 spots, 2.42 million tons of common industrial solid waste at 217 spots and 16,300 tons of hazardous waste at 141 spots were cleared up. All the 19 waste radioactive pollutant sources (including 3 in Wanzhou Prefecture under the 135m water level) were treated safely. Except the Signal Stations for the Yangtze River navigation and a few telecommunication lines and poles and bridges, those to be dismantled later as approved, cleaning of buildings of 14.9605 million m² in total had been completed. 83,300 mu of wood patches and more than 2.9 million dotted trees were cleared up. The replantable big trees and ancient trees were replanted.

Under the field guidance of China National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 6 tombs and 3 livestock buried spots infected by anthrax, 3 buried spots of suspected anthrax infected dead human bodies and 7 suspected anthrax infected tombs left in Fengjie County during the Anti-Japanese War were completely cleared up strictly according to the clearing up criteria and relative provisions. Through sampling test of Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, The clearing works were all up to the standard.

● Twinning support

2003 is a year in which the amount of capital input for twinning support reached the top in ten years and also a year in which the capital for economic cooperation projects took the largest share. Twinning support of 3.025 billion yuan was input to the Three Gorges reservoir area (including 2.870 billion yuan for economic cooperation projects and 155 million yuan for public welfare projects). 139 new economic cooperation projects were introduced; 35 Hope schools were constructed; 420 person-times of various kinds of persons were trained; 4 person-times of cadres were exchanged. 420 visiting delegations with 2772 people to the reservoir area were accepted.

By the end of 2003, twinning support put to the three Gorges reservoir area had amounted to 16.095 billion yuan, including 14.222 billion yuan for economic cooperation projects and 1.873 billion yuan for public welfare projects. The number of economic cooperation projects had exceeded 2500. 761 Hope schools had been constructed. 2,981 person-times of employment and 5,797 person-times of training for different kinds of talents had been provided to the migrants. 409 person-times of cadre exchange had been arranged.